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They say for a world environmental organizationWhich is not the case obviously time in TehranOur research confirms the empirical importance of these two factorsIn Paris the CAC 40 index is thus hoisted above 3 But the risk was to degrade before classesOn the change of status post hopes to collect 2International banks hold debt of Rusal 7The success or failure of Microsoft is just his own2B2F banks benefit from in the first countHowever this absence is doubly detrimentalIt is a first step. At the end of September, the Minister of Immigration and national identity, Eric Besson, bring together a Working Committee to study a decrease in the cost of remittances sent by French immigrants in their country of origin. Combining public actors (Bercy, French Development Agency) and private (Western Union, French banks), this meeting will be an objective: "do everything to reduce the cost of these transfers of 5 over five years, as the plan commitments taken by the G8 in June", says an adviser to the Minister.
There is urgency. Affected by the economic crisis, the remittances of migrants should decrease by 7.3 in 2009, according to the World Bank, for $ 304 billion. In a year, the funds transferred by the Moroccan diaspora, of which 41 from France, fell 14. Senegal should he see the money drop by 20 this year, according to the international monetary fund.
The field associations have already found this trend. "With the crisis, some workers have lost their jobs, others have seen acting missions diminish." "The result is that they send less money than before," analysis Alliate Chiahou, responsible of the Association of Maghreb workers of France (ATMF). Often just described, this population undergoes first online depression. Thus, according to the World Bank, the decrease in revenue of migrant workers should be 5 higher than the other employees.
"Danger of impoverishment".
For the populations of the recipient countries, this retreat is a disaster. The more important that the development aid - which amounts to 120 billion dollars in 2008-, funds of migrants represent 19 of Senegalese GDP, 11 of the Malian GDP, 9 of Moroccan GDP, 4.9 of the Tunisian GDP... While 90 of remittances fund expenditures of basic necessities (food, education, health), the World Bank points "a danger of impoverishment for many developing countries".
Of course, "given the intensity of the crisis, the downturn is finally measured and could have been more important", said Audrey Lenoël, researcher at the University of Bristol and specialist in the subject. The decline is less than that of private investment in poor countries, which should decrease by half in 2009, according to the World Bank. A resistance due to the mobilization of immigrants. While they are often the only hope of their families, many of them denies more to continue to send money. This is what is Marie - Elise Droga, specialist France and Benelux of Western Union, Regional Director of the sending of funds: "There certainly a slight decrease in the amounts sent, but not their frequency." Migrants are to be as present as before. "To secure their support, some do not hesitate to borrow, while others turned, in addition to their work, to odd, declared or not.
To mitigate the impact, the French authorities discounted the decline in the cost of the transfers. The level of sending commissions required by the companies, which varies between 10 and 30 depending on destinations, is deemed too expensive. By the end of the year, consisting of Eric Besson Working Committee should make proposals to alleviate the note. Remains a problem: If the proposed discount (5 over five years) overall represents sums, it may not reduce sufficiently the invoice of each migrant.
